"(...) La lecture de cet ouvrage est une priorité. (..) Il force à réfléchir à une question centrale pour tout être humain: d'où vient cette étrange capacité à penser, et à être conscient de ses pensées ?" Michel Morange, Institut d'histoire et de philosophie des sciences et des techniques (IHPST, Paris).
Depuis le XVIIème siècle, le cerveau a tour à tour été assimilé à une horloge, à une machine à vapeur, à un télégraphe, et enfin à un ordinateur. Ces métaphores technologiques orientent notre perception des mécanismes cérébraux et les questions que se posent les chercheurs. Les dernières théories ont ainsi permis de construire des souvenirs artificiels dans le cerveau d'une souris, ou encore de construire des IA capables d'exploits cognitifs extraordinaires. Une compréhension complète semble à notre portée or il n'existe toujours aucune hypothèse concluante rendant compte de la conscience. Pour réaliser cette percée, nous aurons besoin d'une nouvelle approche radicale.
Balayant des siècles de spéculations sauvages et d'enquêtes anatomiques ingénieuses, parfois macabres, Matthew Cobb nous embarque dans un incroyable voyage, des racines anciennes de la neurologie aux recherches contemporaines les plus surprenantes pour tenter de percer les secrets de notre cerveau.
L'odorat est notre sens le plus énigmatique. Que se passe-t-il dans notre cerveau lorsque nous sentons quelque chose ? En quoi les processus olfactifs humains diffèrent-ils de ceux des mammifères, des oiseaux et des insectes ? Pourquoi les odeurs se révèlent-elles plus efficaces que les images pour éveiller des souvenirs ?
Malgré son importance fondamentale dans l'existence des animaux et des humains, notre compréhension scientifique de la façon dont fonctionne l'odorat reste encore aujourd'hui limitée.
Ce livre décrit les toutes dernières recherches scientifiques sur le sujet et explore sa place dans la culture et l'histoire. Il examine également les troubles de l'odorat, et imagine le rôle des odeurs dans un monde robotisé.
This is the story of our quest to understand the most mysterious object in the universe: the human brain. Today we tend to picture it as a computer. Earlier scientists thought about it in their own technological terms: as a telephone switchboard, or a clock, or all manner of fantastic mechanical or hydraulic devices. Could the right metaphor unlock the its deepest secrets once and for all? Galloping through centuries of wild speculation and ingenious, sometimes macabre anatomical investigations, scientist and historian Matthew Cobb reveals how we came to our present state of knowledge. Our latest theories allow us to create artificial memories in the brain of a mouse, and to build AI programmes capable of extraordinary cognitive feats. A complete understanding seems within our grasp. But to make that final breakthrough, we may need a radical new approach. At every step of our quest, Cobb shows that it was new ideas that brought illumination. Where, he asks, might the next one come from? What will it be?
The French resistance to Nazi occupation during World War II was a struggle in which ordinary people fought for their liberty, despite terrible odds and horrifying repression. Hundreds of thousands of Frenchmen and women carried out an armed struggle against the Nazis, producing underground anti-fascist publications and supplying the Allies with vital intelligence. Based on hundreds of French eye-witness accounts and including recently-released archival material, The Resistance uses dramatic personal stories to take the reader on one of the great adventures of the 20th century. The tale begins with the catastrophic Fall of France in 1940, and shatters the myth of a unified Resistance created by General de Gaulle. In fact, De Gaulle never understood the Resistance, and sought to use, dominate and channel it to his own ends. Brave men and women set up organisations, only to be betrayed or hunted down by the Nazis, and to die in front of the firing squad or in the concentration camps. Over time, the true story of the Resistance got blurred and distorted, its heroes and conflicts were forgotten as the movement became a myth. By turns exciting, tragic and insightful, The Resistance reveals how one of the most powerful modern myths came to be forged and provides a gripping account of one of the most striking events in the 20th century.
Life's Greatest Secret is the story of the discovery and cracking of the genetic code. This great scientific breakthrough has had far-reaching consequences for how we understand ourselves and our place in the natural world. The code forms the most striking proof of Darwin's hypothesis that all organisms are related, holds tremendous promise for improving human well-being, and has transformed the way we think about life. Matthew Cobb interweaves science, biography and anecdote in a book that mixes remarkable insights, theoretical dead-ends and ingenious experiments with the pace of a thriller. He describes cooperation and competition among some of the twentieth century's most outstanding and eccentric minds, moves between biology, physics and chemistry, and shows the part played by computing and cybernetics. The story spans the globe, from Cambridge MA to Cambridge UK, New York to Paris, London to Moscow. It is both thrilling science and a fascinating story about how science is done.
